Investigating the Knowledge of Smog and Quality of Life among the Students of Rashid Latif Khan University, LahoreInvestigating the Knowledge of Smog and Quality of Life among the Students of Rashid Latif Khan University, Lahore

Abstract

Smog is a harmful air pollutant composed of particulate matter, ozone, sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and volatile hydrocarbons. It appears as a thick haze that reduces visibility and poses serious health risks such as respiratory problems (e.g. Asthma, bronchitis) eye irritation, throat irritation, reduced lung function etc. To investigate the awareness, perception and attitude towards smog among students of RLKU. A cross-sectional study, involving 189 undergraduate students was conducted in Rashid Latif Khan University. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire administered via Google forms, which was analyzed through Statistical package of Social Sciences version 23. This study focused that majorities of medical students (87.4%) were well aware of smog, however 44.2% understood its causes. Despite widespread concern—74.2% viewed smog as a serious issue and 88.9% acknowledged its health impacts—11.1% remained unconvinced, highlighting the need for targeted awareness campaigns, however 28.4% believed individual actions could make a difference, there was greater confidence in policy measures, with 23.7% strongly supporting government regulations. These findings suggest that addressing knowledge gaps and promoting policy-based interventions are essential for effective smog mitigation, particularly among younger, educated populations. This study shows well awareness of smog and willingness to adopt pollution-reducing behaviors among students. However, its findings are limited by a male-dominated, single-university sample. Future research should ensure diversity and support stronger education and policy efforts for smog mitigation.