The Role of Nutrition and Lifestyle in Preventing Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)

Abstract

The largest single cause of deaths worldwide is non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory illnesses, which cause up to 74 percent of all deaths in the world (World Health Organization [WHO], 2022). They are strongly correlated with lifestyle variables such as diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking that are modifiable. However, nutrition can play a primary role in the prevention and control of NCDs by determining metabolic well-being, immune system, and inflammation. The rising trend in unhealthy eating habits, whereby there is high intake of processed food, added sugar, saturated fat and salt are some of the factors that add remarkably to the growing burden of NCDs especially in low and middle-income countries. In the current research paper, the association between nutrition, lifestyle habits, and the prevention of NCDs is discussed on the basis of epidemiologic studies, clinical trials, and programs of social health. It also takes a review of the policy models and global health policies to reduce NCDs through dietary guidelines, food system change, and community-based intervention. By noting both scientific data and practical strategies, this research underlines the need for incorporating nutritional interventions into national health systems to fight the international NCD epidemic.