Comparison of Institutional and Non-Institutional Orphan Care Models

Abstract

Background: Orphan care remains vital in any community as it gives a guarantee of the protection, safety, and growth of the most defenseless children who happen to be parentless. In this context, giving these children proper care means they will be able to join society and, consequently, have access to a better future.

Objectives: This research through its objectives intends to establish which of the two models, institutional or non, institutional, is more effective in ensuring the well, being of children.

Methodology: The meta, analysis was employed to weigh up and contrast the results of two different orphan care models, i.e., institutional and non, institutional, by combining the relevant research findings on development, emotional well, being, and social integration of orphans.A total of 120 articles were initially selected, and after screening with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 articles were finally reviewed. The analysis also evaluated the effect sizes and consistency in results across different care contexts.

 Discussion:  Institutional care has been the standard practice for orphan care in state-sponsored institutions but it adversely affects a child's, social, emotional, and mental development. However, the non-institutional care model has been recognized as a better option for orphan care, whereas the institutional care model was considered as a secondary choice.

Conclusion: In selecting an orphan care model, there is a need to prioritize the child, needs, circumstances, and best interests. The study suggests further research studies on different dimensions of orphan care of the non-institutional care model.