ادیانِ سماویہ میں تدبیر کا تصور: عقائد اور مذہبی تجربات کی روشنی میں تقابلی مطالعہ

Abstract

This study explores the concept of tadbeer (planning, strategy, or divine arrangement) within the three major Abrahamic religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam by analyzing their theological doctrines, sacred texts, and spiritual experiences. In Judaism, tadbeer is deeply rooted in divine wisdom and covenantal guidance, where God’s providence unfolds through historical events and commandments. Christianity presents tadbeer in broader terms, linking it to divine love, righteousness, and salvation, with references in the New Testament to God's plans for humanity. Islam integrates tadbeer as a balance between human effort and divine will, emphasizing reliance on Allah while promoting rational planning and action as evident in the Qur'an and the Prophet Muhammad's ﷺ practices. This comparative study reveals that while each tradition articulates tadbeer differently, they all underscore the interplay between divine intent and human responsibility, making it a central theme in faith, ethics, and religious life.