Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Sustainable AEC Projects: A Review of Current Practices and Future Directions

Abstract

The research analyzed Building Information Modeling (BIM) for sustainable Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) projects in Pakistan, primarily focusing on energy efficiency and sustainability. The study documented the current level of BIM technologies and practices adopted in Pakistan construction and analyzed the level of BIM practices in construction firms and the results of sustainable building outcomes. For the comprehensive review, the BIM practices study survey designed for 85 AEC professionals, 15 completed project case studies, and stakeholder expert interviews was conducted across Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad. BIM use in Pakistan is still in its infancy. Of the firms surveyed, 23 percent use BIM for conducting sustainability assessments. This research documented lack of technical knowledge, expensive software, weak government policies, and reluctance from old-school builders to adopt digital BIM as the most urgent barriers. Still, BIM for energy design strategic plans assisted project teams in improving predictive energy performance design, reducing materials waste by 18 to 25 percent, and improving stakeholder coordination. This research mapped the future of BIM use in the Pakistan AEC sector and proposed a step-by-step structural approach, training and policy setting for BIM use to be mandatory in government AEC projects. Strategically implementing Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in Pakistan's construction industry has the potential to reshape the industry and enhance environmentally sustainable design decisions based on real-time data analytics. This will play a vital role in fulfilling the country's commitments to climate change and energy savings.