Evaluation of Sports Prostheses and Functional Adaptations in Lower Limb Amputees of Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Abstract

Amputation of the lower limb can significantly affect an individual’s mobility, social interactions, and both physical and mental well-being. While regular exercise and sports participation are known to positively influence these aspects in healthy individuals, amputees often experience long-term physical impairments and temporary or permanent mobility loss. To engage in sports activities, such individuals commonly rely on assistive technologies such as prosthetic limbs, wheelchairs, or crutches. This study employed a cross-sectional design to observe and evaluate the routine physical activities of lower limb amputees, focusing on their use of sports prostheses and their adaptation over time and varying levels of activity intensity. Data were collected from four focus groups comprising a total of 45 participants. The findings revealed that trauma was the leading cause of amputation (77.8%), followed by congenital conditions (11.1%). A higher incidence of amputation was recorded between 2015 and 2022 (44.4%) compared to 33.3% during 2007–2014. The most common level of amputation was trans-tibial (44.4%), followed by trans-femoral (33.3%) and Syme foot (11.1%). Most participants reported no significant discomfort while using prosthetic limbs; however, a subset did experience issues such as pain or difficulty in movement.