مالِ مرہونہ سے انتفاع کا شرعی حکم: معاصر فقہی فتاویٰ کا تقابلی جائزہ

Abstract

This paper presents a detailed comparative analysis of contemporary fatawa on the Shariah ruling regarding the utilisation of pledged property (maal marhoon). In classical Islamic jurisprudence, the use of pledged assets by the pledgee (mortgagee) has been a matter of significant debate. The majority of scholars prohibit such utilisation, considering it a form of unjust enrichment or riba (usury), unless the benefit is directly linked to safeguarding or maintaining the pledged item. However, certain jurists allow limited usage if it is agreed upon and does not result in exploitation.In the contemporary context, with the expansion of Islamic banking, collateral-based financing, and the increasing need for secured transactions, the question of benefiting from pledged property has regained importance. Various contemporary fatwa councils have issued detailed rulings reconciling classical positions with modern financial practices.