Prevalence of Exercise Addiction and It’s Correlation with Self-Esteem among Young Gym Goers: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Regular physical activity is widely recognized for its physical and psychological benefits. However, when exercise becomes excessive and uncontrollable it may lead to a behavioral condition known as exercise addiction. Exercise addiction Is characterized by compulsive engagement in physical activity despite negative physical, psychological and social consequences. Young adults particularly gym goers may be at increased risk due to factors such as body image concerns, peer influence and social media exposure. Self-esteem, a key psychological construct reflecting an individual’s sense of self-worth has been shown to influence health behaviors and may play a significant role in the development of maladaptive exercise patterns.

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of exercise addiction and to assess its correlation with self-esteem among young gym goers.

Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study included 109 young gym goers from various fitness centers across Karachi including Toro Fitness, BB Fitness and V-Fit, selected through non- probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).

Result: Among the participants, 71.6% were symptomatic for exercise addiction, 23.9% were at risk and 4.6% were asymptomatic. High self-esteem was observed in 72.48% of respondents while 27.52% demonstrated moderate self-esteem. Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative relationship between exercise addiction and self-esteem (r = −0.09). Significant associations were found between exercise addiction and gender (p = 0.01), training period (p = 0.00) and Exercise duration (p = 0.01). Self-esteem showed significant associations with Age, gender, training period, exercise frequency and exercise duration (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Exercise addiction symptoms were highly prevalent among young gym goers in Karachi whereas self-esteem levels were generally high. A weak negative Correlation between exercise addiction and self-esteem suggests that self-esteem may not be a major determinant of exercise addiction in this population. Routine Screening and awareness programs may help identify individuals at risk and promote healthier exercise behaviors.