Gender Inequalities in Pakistan: Structural Challenges, Emerging Progress, and Policy Implication for attaining SDG 5

Abstract

Gender disparities have been a challenging issue in achieving SDG 5 for Pakistan. This research paper is an attempt to explicitly reveal and conceal the understanding of gender disparities and women’s empowerment in Pakistan. This analyses gender disparities in Pakistan, focusing on the challenges, progress, and policy implications for achieving SDG 5. This qualitative interpretative research paper uses exploratory and descriptive research techniques and implies the theoretical frameworks of feminist theory, intersectionality, and social capital theory. This highlights key challenges, including cultural norms, barriers to education and economic empowerment, gender- based violence, and limited healthcare access. Pakistan has made progress in promoting gender equality despite multifaceted challenges. This study recommends addressing socio-cultural barriers, enhancing women’s political participation, empowering women economically, promoting education for girls, enhancing healthcare services, and strengthening legal and policy frameworks to achieve SDG 5 in Pakistan.