Rewriting Faith: Sufism as a Deconstruction of Religious Rigidity in Shafak’s The Forty Rules of Love

Abstract

This research intends to deconstruct the established traditionalist narrative presented by rigid scholars and Sufism. Through egalitarian approach of Sufi Islam towards the Quran, Sharia, the creation of God, and devotional practices, the paper seeks to subvert the traditional literal interpretations. At its core, the study aspires to encourage inclusivity, tolerance, and compassion. The research is based on qualitative analysis, utilizing Jacques Derrida’s deconstructive framework as the guiding theoretical lens. The study analyzes the primary dichotomy between orthodox interpretations and spiritual mysticism to unveil the fundamentalist approach towards Islam as the basis of fear, hate, division, and discrimination in society. Textual references have been employed to elucidate how polyvocality and multiplicity of narratives promote an inclusive understanding of religion, love, and spirituality. The key findings indicate how traditionalists misuse religion by molding and distorting selective aspects of Islam to maintain their dominance in society, consequently dividing communities and spreading intolerance. Conversely, Sufi thinkers pursue and promote closeness to God through love, compassion, and inner purity rather than external rituals and conformity. Opposed to the conservative and exclusionary fundamentalists, the inclusive worldview of Sufism advocates love, kindness, and empathy — the virtues that are needed now more than ever. The research encourages readers to reflect deeply on their beliefs and approaches toward Islam. It further seeks to foster an inclusive understanding of religion aimed at encountering and neutralizing widespread extremism in society.