Asma Jabeen, Hasan Asif, and Faisal Riaz. 2026. “From CNNs To VLMs: A Complete Review And Experimental Comparison of AI Models on Autonomous Vehicles”. ACADEMIA International Journal for Social Sciences 5 (3(s11): 31-38. https://doi.org/10.63056/academia.5.3(s11).2026.2456.