ILYAS, Muhammad Tayyab; MERCADER, Cristina; BOSCO, Alejandra. WhatsApp as Shadow Learning Management System: How University Teachers in Pakistan Build Parallel Pedagogical Infrastructure under Institutional Prohibition. ACADEMIA International Journal for Social Sciences, [S. l.], v. 5, n. 3(s2), p. 343–354, 2026. DOI: 10.63056/academia.5.3(b).2026.1779. Disponível em: https://academia.edu.pk/index.php/Journals/article/view/1779. Acesso em: 21 jun. 2026.